	Q. robur	Q. orocantabrica	Q. petraea	Q. pyrenaica	Q. oro-pet	Q. oro-pyr
LAMINA
Thickness (mm)	0.124^c	0.182^b	0.165^b	0.177^b	0.218^a	0.218^a
Epidermis—adaxial	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate
Cell shape	Squamous	Squamous	Cub/Squa	Cub/Squa	Cub/Squa	Cub/Squa
Cell height	Low	Low	High	High	High	High
Stomata	−	−	−	−	−	−
Palisade parenchyma	+	+	+	+	+	+
Number of cells	1	1 + 1	1 + 1	2	1 + 1	2
Spongy parenchyma	+	+	+	+	+	+
Epidermis—abaxial	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate
Cell shape	Cub/Squa	Cuboidal	Cuboidal	Cuboidal	Cuboidal	Cuboidal
Stomata	+	+	+	++	+	++
Shape	Elongated	Elongated	Elongated	Elongated	Elongated	Elongated
Epicuticular waxes	+++	+++	+	++	+	++
Glandular trichomes	+ab	+ab	+ab	+ad and ab	+ab	+ad and ab
Non-glandular trichomes	−	−	+ab	+ad and ab	+ab	+ad and ab
Number of branches	−	−	4	4 or more	4	4 or more
Crystals	−/+	+++	++	+	+++	+++
Starch	++	+++	+++	++	+	++
MIDVEIN
Epidermis—adaxial	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate
Annular collenchyma	+	+	+	+	+	+
Storage parenchyma	+	+	+	+	+	+
Bundle-sheath	+	+	+	+	+	+
Vascular bundle	+	+	+	+	+	+
Epidermis—abaxial	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate	Uniseriate
Crystals	+	++	−/+	−	++	+++